Upon completing high school in 1968 Erri De Luca joined the radical left-wing movement Lotta Continua. After the organization's disbandment he worked as a blue collar at the Fiat factory in Turin and at the Catania airport. He also was as a truck driver and a mason, working in job sites in Italy, France and Africa. He rode relief convoys in Yugoslavia during the war between 1993 and 1999.

He is self-taught in several languages including Ancient Hebrew and Yiddish.

De Luca is a passionate mountain climber. A reclusive character, he currently lives in a remote cottage in the countryside of Rome.

Although he never stopped writing since he was 20, his first book is published in 1989, Non ora, non qui (Not now, not here). Many more books followed, best sellers in Italy, France and Israel, his work being translated and published in Spain, Portugal, Germany, Holland, USA, Brazil, Poland, Norway, Danmark, Romania, Greece and Lithuania. He has himself translated several books of the Bible into Italian like Exodus, Jonah, Ecclesiastes, Ruth, and explored various aspects of Judaism, as a non-believer.

In France, he received the France Culture Prize in 1994 for Aceto, arcobaleno, the Laure Bataillon Award in 2002 for Tre cavalli and, also in 2002, the Fémina Étranger for Montedidio, translated in English as God's Mountain. He was a member of the jury at the Cannes Festival in 2003.

Erri De Luca writes regularly for various newspapers (La Repubblica, Il Manifesto, Corriere della Sera, Avvenire), and magazines.